Few, Little, A Few, A Little: Qual A Diferença E Quando Usar?
Uma grande dúvida que a maioria dos estudantes tem é saber a diferença e como usar as palavras “few” e “little” e também suas variações “a few” e “a little”.
Esse é um erro muito comum em inglês, mas que é muito fácil de corrigir, e agora eu vou te mostrar como.
Diferença entre few e little
Tanto “few” quanto “little” tem basicamente o mesmo significado, e podem ser traduzidos como “poucos, poucas, pouco, pouca”.
A principal diferença entre few e little está no fato de que um é usado para se referir a substantivos contáveis e o outro para se referir a substantivos incontáveis.
Little é usado para se referir a substantivos incontáveis enquanto few é usado para se referir a substantivos contáveis.
O que são substantivos contáveis e incontáveis em inglês?
Os substantivos contáveis são como o próprio nome já diz aqueles que podemos contar sem a necessidade de usar uma unidade de medida ou qualquer outra referência de quantidade.
Alguns exemplos de substantivos contáveis são pens (canetas), sisters (irmãs), apples (maçãs) e cats (gatos).
Nesse caso, eles são considerados contáveis, pois podemos falar 2 gatos, 7 canetas ou 3 irmãs, ou seja podemos contá-los. Com este tipo de substantivo usamos few.
Os substantivos incontáveis são aqueles que não podemos contar e dependemos de uma unidade de medida para contá-los.
Por exemplo: water (água), sugar (açúcar), money (dinheiro).
Esses substantivos são considerados incontáveis, pois não falamos 2 açúcares e sim 2 quilos de açúcar, ou então não falamos 20 dinheiros e sim 20 reais.
No caso dos substantivos incontáveis nós usaremos sempre little.
No final vou deixar uma pequena lista com substantivos contáveis e incontáveis.
Como usar few e little – exemplos
I have few friends – Eu tenho poucos amigos.
Few people knew he was here – Poucas pessoas sabiam que ele estava aqui.
Few people understand me – Poucas pessoas me entendem.
I have very little hair – Eu tenho muito pouco cabelo.
We have little chance of success – Nós temos pouca chance de sucesso
I have very little money – Eu tenho muito pouco dinheiro.
Diferença entre a few e a little
Mas e quando few e little estão acompanhados do artigo “a”?
Nesse caso, “a few” e “a little” terá o significado de “uns, umas, alguns, algumas, um pouco”.
A regra para usar os dois continua a mesma, few é usado para substantivos contáveis enquanto little é usado em substantivos incontáveis.
Nesse caso eles já não terão mais a conotação de pouco ou insuficiente.
Ainda vão demonstrar que há pouco, mas que este pouco é suficiente.
Por exemplo, nas frases:
I have few friends – Eu tenho poucos amigos
I have a few friends – Eu tenho alguns amigos
Na primeira frase eu dou a entender que eu tenho poucos amigos, fica subentendido que eu tenho pouco e não é o suficiente.
Já na segunda frase, eu ainda passo a ideia de que tenho poucos amigos, mas que já é o suficiente.
Veja alguns exemplos:
I have to buy a few things at the supermarket – Preciso comprar algumas coisas no supermercado.
She has a few books in her house – Ela tem alguns livros em sua casa.
I will be there in a few minutes – Eu estarei lá em alguns minutos.
She arrived a little late – Ela chegou um pouco atrasada.
I have a little money – Eu tenho um pouco de dinheiro.
He wants to sleep a little more – Ele quer dormir um pouco mais.
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Substantivos contáveis
A newspaper – Um jornal
A key – Uma chave
An idea – Uma ideia
One bottle –Uma garrafa
A man – Um homem
A car – Um carro
A girl – Uma menina
A chair – Uma cadeira
A book – Um livro
A dog – Um cachorro
A house – Uma casa
A cat – Um gato
A cow – Uma vaca
Substantivos incontáveis
Coffee – Café
Juice – Suco
Oil – Óleo
Water – Água
Rain – Chuva
Tea – Chá
Butter – Manteiga
Flour – Farinha
Sugar – Açúcar
Salt – Sal
Rice – Arroz
Meat – Carne
Air – Ar
Earth – Terra
Wood – Madeira
Snow – Neve
Sand – Areia
Anger – Raiva
Beauty – Beleza
Love – Amor
Ainda ficou alguma dúvida sobre a diferença entre Few e Little? Deixe aqui nos comentários.
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Com Um Método Simples Mas Pouco Conhecido Usado Por Pessoas Comuns Para Aprender Inglês De Forma Simples e Rápida
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