Quando Usar IT Em Inglês?
O pronome it pode significar ele, ela ou isto e é um pronome que causa muitas dúvidas em quem está começando a aprender inglês, principalmente no que se refere a quando utilizar o it nas frases.
Isso porque apesar de ter essa tradução básica existem alguns casos onde ele não possui significado nenhum e isso acaba gerando muitas dúvidas.
Neste vídeo você vai aprender as 3 principais formas de utilizar e quando usar o it.
1 – It para objetos e animais
A primeira forma de usar o it é com o seu significado original, ou seja ele, ela ou isto, neste caso ele é usado apenas para se referir a animais ou objetos.
Exemplo:
I love your cat, it is very cute.
Eu amo o seu gato, ele é muito fofo.
I bought the book, but it was not new.
Eu comprei o livro, mas ele não estava novo.
O it também pode ser usado para se referir a substantivos de gênero neutro.
É muito comum usarmos o it para nos referirmos a bebes, por exemplo:
The baby is crying. It must be hungry.
O bebê está chorando. Ele/ela deve estar com fome.
We didn’t make any noise near the baby, because it was sleeping.
Nós não fizemos nenhum barulho perto do bebê porque ele estava dormindo.
2 – It como sujeito (Dummy it)
A segunda forma de usar o it é a forma que é conhecida como “dummy it” ou “it bobo”.
Em inglês as frases obrigatoriamente devem ter um sujeito, e quando temos frases que em português o sujeito é inexistente ou impessoal devemos sempre usar o it antes da frase.
Exemplos de frases sem sujeito em português:
Está quebrado.
Parece que vai chover.
Está chovendo.
Então a nossa tendência seria falar:
Is broken. – Está quebrado.
Looks like it’s going to rain. – Parece que vai chover.
Is raining today. – Está chovendo hoje.
Porém as frases acima estão incorretas, nós precisamos acrescentar o it antes do verbo no início.
A forma correta seria:
It is broken. – Está quebrado.
It looks like it’s going to rain. – Parece que vai chover.
It is raining today. – Está chovendo hoje.
Vamos ver alguns exemplos para ficar mais claro.
It is very good to be here. – É muito bom estar aqui.
It is Friday today. – Hoje é sexta-feira.
It is raining today. – Está chovendo hoje.
It is always cold here. – Está sempre frio aqui.
Para falar as frases acima em português nós não precisamos usar um sujeito, afinal ficaria estranho falar “ele está chovendo hoje”.
No entanto, em inglês, o uso do pronome it é obrigatório nestes casos, pois ele vai funcionar como o sujeito da frase.
O it não significa absolutamente nada na frase e não se traduz para o português, ele é apenas um acessório obrigatório na frase, por isso é chamado de dummy it.
Então sempre que tivermos uma frase onde o sujeito é inexistente, oculto ou impessoal nós precisamos acrescentar o it antes. Nunca esqueça disso!
Vamos ver outros exemplos:
It takes a long time to get there.
Leva um bom tempo para chegar lá.
It is not a good Idea.
Não é uma boa ideia.
It doesn’t make sense.
Não faz sentido.
It looks like he didn’t sleep well last night.
Parece que ele não dormiu bem essa noite.
It‘s too cold outside.
Está muito frio lá fora.
Is it a boy or a girl?
É menino ou menina?
It seems to be a mistake.
Parece ser um erro.
What is it?
O que é?
Yesterday it rained.
Choveu ontem.
3 – It como objeto da frase.
A terceira forma de se usar o it em inglês é como objeto da frase, depois do verbo.
Vamos ver um exemplo:
I can’t stand gossip. I hate it.
Eu não suporto fofoca. Eu odeio.
No exemplo acima, em português, não precisaríamos usar o pronome no final da frase, mas em inglês para que a frase fique gramaticalmente correta sempre devemos colocar o it.
Isso acontece porque em inglês todo o verbo transitivo precisa vir acompanhado de um objeto.
E no caso desse objeto ser um objeto neutro, ou seja, se refere a um objeto ou animal, nós usamos o it.
Mas o que é um verbo transitivo?
Verbos transitivos são verbos que precisam de um complemento para fazer sentido.
Exemplos de verbos transitivos:
- Like
- Hate
- Love
- Lose
- Do
- Make
- Want
- Buy
- Find
- Bring
- Cost
- Write
- Give
- Lend
- Offer
- Play
- Read
- Teach
- Send
- Sing
Mas como eu vou saber qual verbo é intransitivo ou não para usar o it?
A melhor forma é ir mantendo o máximo de contato com o inglês possível e ficar atento quando e com que verbos ele aparece, é melhor do que ficar decorando, e assim você aprende de forma muito mais natural.
Vamos ver alguns exemplos:
I can’t find my key. I guess I lost it.
Não consigo encontrar minha chave. Acho que a perdi.
I lost my key yesterday. I was in my room when I find it.
Eu perdi minha chave ontem. Eu estava no meu quarto quando encontrei.
She doesn’t like to work here, but I like it.
Ele não gosta de morar aqui, mas eu gosto.
Do you like to study English? I do, actually I love it.
Você gosta de estudar inglês? Eu gosto, na verdade eu amo.
Como você pode ver o it nesses casos é usado também como uma forma de não ficarmos repetindo as mesmas palavras sempre.
Exemplo:
Ao invés de falarmos:
I study English everyday. I really like to study English.
Eu estudo inglês todos os dias. Eu realmente gosto de estudar inglês.
Nós podemos falar:
I study English everyday. I really like it.
Eu estudo inglês todos os dias. Eu realmente gosto.
Assim a frase não fica tão repetitiva.
Lembrando que nós nunca usamos o it para nos referir a pessoas.
É importante lembrar que o plural de it é them nesses casos, então quando estivermos nos referindo a um objeto no plural usaremos o them.
I can’t find my keys. I guess I lost them.
Não consigo encontrar minhas chaves. Acho que as perdi.
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