To e For: Qual a Diferença e Quando Usar?
Uma das maiores dúvidas que a maioria dos estudantes tem quando começam a aprender inglês é sobre qual é a diferença entre To e For e quando usar estas duas preposições.
Essa dúvida acontece principalmente, pois as duas preposições tem basicamente a mesma tradução em português: para.
Vamos ver agora em quais situações podemos usar cada uma dessas preposições da forma correta.
Lembrando que apesar de existirem as regras para nos ajudar a saber a diferença entre to e for sempre podem haver algumas exceções.
O ideal é que a gente sempre busque manter o máximo de contato possível com o inglês e também sempre prestar atenção nas situações em que as preposições são usadas em frases do dia a dia.
Assim fica muito mais fácil de aprender e memorizar o uso de cada uma delas.
Quando usar To
Vamos ver agora como usar a preposição To em inglês:
Antes de verbos formando o infinitivo
Um dos usos mais comuns do To é antes dos verbos para formar o infinitivo.
I want to eat apple pie.
Eu quero comer torta de maçã.
Indicar propósito ou objetivo, antes de verbos
Usamos o To para indicar propósito ou objetivo antes de verbos no infinitivo.
Por exemplo:
She traveled to visit her parents
Ela viajou para visitar seus pais
He called to talk to you
Ele ligou para falar com você
Por via de regra sempre usaremos o To antes de verbos no infinitivo.
Ou seja, sempre que tivermos um verbo no infinitivo a preposição que virá antes dele sempre será To.
Indicar movimento/deslocamento
Usaremos o To sempre que quisermos indicar movimento ou o deslocamento para algum lugar.
Quando quisermos falar que nós estamos ou alguém está indo para algum lugar ou indicar o destino ou a direção de algo.
Exemplo:
I went to the supermarket
Eu fui ao supermercado
I will go to Spain next year
Eu vou para Espanha ano que vem
They are going to São Paulo
Eles estão indo para São Paulo
Entregar algo a alguém
Usamos o To quando entregamos ou damos algo a alguém.
Exemplo:
I sent letters to her
Eu enviei cartas para ela
I gave the first slice of cake to her
Eu dei a primeira fatia de bolo para ela
Desejar algo a alguém
Usamos To sempre que quisermos desejar algo a alguém.
Exemplo:
Happy birthday to you
Feliz aniversário para você
Happy mother’s day to you
Feliz dia das mães para você
Indicar início e o fim de algo
Usamos o To para indicar o período de início e fim de algo.
Para isso usamos a expressão from… to.
Exemplo:
He works from 8 am to 5 pm
Ele trabalha das 8 da manhã às 5 da tarde
I study French from Monday to Friday
Eu estudo francês de segunda a sexta
Comparações e preferências
Exemplo:
I prefer eating meat to eating vegetables
Eu prefiro comer carne a comer vegetais
She prefers studying English to studying Spanish
Ela prefere estudar inglês a estudar espanhol
Quando usar For
Veja agora em quais casos devemos usar a preposição for:
Antes de verbos no gerúndio (ing)
Usamos o for antes de verbos no gerúndio, que é quando os verbos terminam com ING.
Exemplo:
Thank you for helping me with my homerwork.
Obrigado por me ajudar com minha lição de casa.
This brush is for painting.
Este pincel é para pintar.
Então sempre que tivermos um verbo no gerúndio a preposição antes dele vai ser For.
Indicar propósito ou objetivo, antes de substantivo
Usamos o For para indicar o uso de alguma coisa, o propósito ou objetivo de algo, antes de um substantivo.
This book is for English learners
Este livro é para estudantes de inglês
This area is for students only
Esta área é apenas para estudantes.
We are happy for you
Nós estamos felizes por você
He will buy a gift for my birthday
Ele vai comprar um presente para o meu aniversário
Indicar a duração de algo
Quando quisermos falar sobre a duração de algo também usaremos a preposição for.
Exemplo:
She has been waiting for an hour
Ela está esperando por uma hora
I studied English for three years
Eu estudei inglês por três anos
Mix the ingredients for 5 minutes
Misture os ingredientes por 5 minutos
Dica extra: na maioria das vezes em que a tradução da preposição for “por” ela pode ser traduzida como “for”.
Indicar o valor de algo
Usamos quando formos indicar o valor de algo.
They bought a car for two thousand dollars
Eles compraram um carro por 2 mil dólares
I sold my cellphone for two hundred dollars
Eu vendi meu celular por duzentos dólares
Para ajudar ou fazer algo por alguém
I washed the dishes for you
Eu lavei a louça para você
She always cleans the house for me.
Ela sempre limpa a casa para mim.
Marcação de compromisso
The meeting is scheduled for next weekend.
A reunião está marcada para o próximo fim de semana.
They scheduled the conference for Monday
Eles agendaram a conferência para segunda-feira
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